Sunday, May 16, 2010

Internal Combustion (IC) Engines

Internal combustion engines have been a compact method to drive a generator to produce mechanical energy. IC engines can be mainly classified into two.
1. Diesel engines (Compression-ignition)
2. Petrol/gasoline engines (Spark-ignition)
Diesel and Gasoline engines are reprocating engines too as 1/more pistons move laterally to generate rotational energy which in turn used as a prime mover for either generators or simply as marine engines to drive the propeller.

A 3D cut-away model of an internal combustion engine, showing cylinder, piston, crankshaft, camshaft, valves etc.

The injection of fuel (either diesel or gasoline) can be direct or indirect.
  1. Direct injection is done by the help of specially designed fuel injectors. This is applicable mostly to diesel engines.
  2. Indirect injection is where fuel is not directly INJECTED. Actually this suits to gasoline engines. A carburrettor helps to DRAW the fuel rather than injecting it to the engine.This is applicable mostly to petrol engines. In modern cars, a carburettor is replaced by ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION (EFI), where injection is controlled by electronic means normally by a dedicated controller.

4-stroke cycle:
  1. Intake stroke
  2. Compression stroke
  3. Power stroke
  4. Exhaust stroke

4 strokes in a 4 cylinder engine cross-section, note the relative timing




















Main Parts of a diesel generator set:




Parts of a diesel engine, showing main mechanical parts  
Mechanical components:

  1. cylinder liner
  2. piston
  3. connecting rod
  4. crankshaft
  5. camshaft
  6. push rod
  7. valve spring
  8. air inlet valve
  9. exhaust valve
  10. injector nozzle
  11. fuel pump
  12. ac pump
  13. fuel filter
  14. oil filter
  15. air filter
  16. oil sump
  17. fuel tank
  18. flywheel
  19. rocker arm
  20. governor

A very detailed exploded view of a diesel engine, showing cylinder head, block, valve set, shafts, bearings, gaskets etc.
Electrical components:
    1. starting motor
    2. battery
    3. charging alternator
    4. gen stator
    5. gen rotor
    6. windings
    7. MVR/ AVR/ DVR
    8. DC generator/PM Generator - exciter
    9. rotating diode set
    10. oil pressure sensor
    11. water temperature sensor
    12. speed sensor
    13. gen control panel (GCP)
    14. gen circuit breaker (GCB)                 
    Posted by AlphaBetaGamma at 09:08
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    3 comments:

    Derrick Walter said...

    Dude, this is really informative but I would like to know what difference the type of fuel would make. What I mean is that, if i used biodiesel instead of regular diesel would the parts last longer or get worn down faster because of the biodiesel.

    10 February 2012 at 20:32
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    14 December 2015 at 19:45
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